Understanding Early Maths in the Early Years

Early mathematics forms a key part of the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) framework and is one of the seven areas of learning and development.

It is divided into two main aspects: Number and Numerical Patterns.

These areas are not taught in isolation but are embedded in everyday activities and play, helping children to develop a deep and practical understanding of mathematical concepts.

In the EYFS, early maths is about more than just learning to count - it’s about encouraging children to explore numbers, patterns, shapes, space, and measures in a meaningful way. Through play-based experiences such as building towers, sharing snacks, comparing sizes, singing number rhymes, or helping set the table, children begin to develop important skills like counting, recognising numbers, understanding quantity, sorting, measuring, and problem-solving.

The EYFS stresses the importance of children being able to develop a strong grounding in number, as this provides the building blocks for future mathematical learning.

By the end of the Reception year, the Early Learning Goals (ELGs) for mathematics expect children to be able to count confidently, understand the relationship between numbers and quantities, and explore and represent patterns, including odds and evens, double facts, and how quantities can be distributed evenly.

Parents play a vital role in supporting early maths at home. Simple, everyday interactions—like cooking together, playing board games, noticing shapes on a walk, or counting toys—can help children see how maths is part of the world around them. Asking open-ended questions such as “How many do we have?” or “Which one is heavier?” encourages children to think mathematically and communicate their ideas.

By nurturing your child’s curiosity and confidence with numbers and patterns, you’re laying the foundation for a positive attitude toward maths and lifelong learning.